ANTIOXIDANT FINAL IRRIGATION AND ULTRASONIC ACTIVATION MODIFY DENTIN AND ENHANCE BOND

Pedro Arthur Vasconcelos Rodriguês SOUSA, Lucas da Silva dos SANTOS, Tiago Weyne Torres de OLIVEIRA, Maria Lucília Sousa TEIXEIRA, Mariana Gomes de OLIVEIRA, Pedro Lucas Mendes CAVALCANTI, Pedro Gustavo AZEVEDO, Francisco Nathizael Ribeiro GONÇALVES

Resumo


Objective: This study evaluated the effect of antioxidant-based final irrigation protocols, with or without ultrasonic activation, on the bond strength of an epoxy resin–based sealer. Methods: Ninety human single-rooted premolars were prepared with sodium hypochlorite and EDTA and randomly assigned to 10 groups (n = 9) according to the final irrigant (EDTA, sodium ascorbate, apple cider vinegar, sodium thiosulfate, or sodium metabisulfite), with or without passive ultrasonic activation. Canals were obturated with gutta-percha and AH Plus. Push-out bond strength was measured in the cervical, middle, and apical thirds. Failure modes were classified, and 2 representative apical specimens per group were qualitatively examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed using one-way and repeated-measures ANOVA (α = 0.05). Results: Final irrigation protocols significantly influenced push-out bond strength (P < .001). Bond strength increased from the cervical to the apical third. Antioxidant regimens, particularly sodium ascorbate and sodium metabisulfite, produced higher bond strength values, whereas sodium thiosulfate and apple cider vinegar showed lower bond strength. Cohesive failures predominated. SEM revealed persistent smear layer remnants and debris in all groups. Conclusions: Antioxidant and chelating irrigants improved epoxy resin sealer adhesion, and ultrasonic activation promoted more homogeneous bonding. Sealer retention was more strongly associated with chemical dentin conditioning than with smear layer removal.

Keywords: Root canal irrigation. Push-out bond strength. Epoxy resin sealer.


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Referências


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